Test 1 Revision: Meiosis & Mendelian Genetics
Medium-difficulty multiple-choice quiz covering meiosis, Mendel's laws, probability, and chi-square based on the provided revision notes.
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Quiz Questions & Answers
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Question 1: What key event during Prophase I creates new combinations of alleles between homologous chromosomes?
Crossing over at chiasmata
DNA replication during S phase
Separation of sister chromatids
Independent assortment of sister chromatids
Question 2: Which description best explains why Meiosis I is called a reduction division?
Sister chromatids separate into four cells
Cells switch from haploid to diploid
Homologous chromosome pairs separate, halving the chromosome number
DNA content doubles prior to division
Question 3: How does Mendel's Law of Segregation connect to a specific step in meiosis?
Alleles segregate when sister chromatids split in Anaphase II
Alleles separate when homologous chromosomes segregate in Anaphase I
Segregation occurs during S phase DNA replication
Alleles combine during Metaphase II alignment
Question 4: Which outcome best illustrates the Law of Independent Assortment in Metaphase I?
Random orientations of different homologous pairs producing varied gamete allele combinations
Sister chromatids remaining attached until Anaphase II
Gametes receiving both alleles from one parent always
Crossing over creating recombinant sister chromatids
Question 5: A monohybrid cross Tt × Tt is performed. What phenotypic ratio should you expect in the offspring under Mendelian dominance?
100% tall
25% tall : 75% short
50% tall : 50% short (1:1)
75% tall : 25% short (3:1)
Question 6: When performing a test cross to determine whether a black phenotype is BB or Bb, which partner genotype should you use?
A heterozygous individual (Bb)
Another unknown black individual
A homozygous dominant individual (BB)
A homozygous recessive individual (bb)
Question 7: Using chi-square, which interpretation would you make if p > 0.05 when comparing observed to expected Mendelian ratios?
Fail to reject the null hypothesis; deviations are consistent with random chance
Conclude the experiment was invalid
Reject the null hypothesis; results are significantly different
Prove the null hypothesis is true
Question 8: For a dihybrid cross AaBb × AaBb with independent assortment, what is the probability of offspring being aabb?
1/4
9/16
1/16
1/8