Electrolyte Imbalances Quiz
Test your knowledge of electrolyte imbalances, their clinical manifestations, and nursing interventions.
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Quiz Questions & Answers
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Question 1: A client is admitted with Hyperkalemia (6.2 mEq/L) due to acute kidney injury. The nurse recognizes that the most immediate and life-threatening complication of this imbalance is:
Muscle weakness and flaccid paralysis
Gastrointestinal hypermotility (diarrhea)
Cardiac dysrhythmias (Tall, peaked T-waves)
Confusion and restlessness
Question 2: A nurse is preparing to administer IV Calcium Gluconate to a client with severe Hyperkalemia. The primary goal of this intervention is to:
Shift potassium into the cell to lower serum levels
Enhance renal excretion of excess potassium
Stabilize the cardiac cell membranes against potassium's effects
Correct the underlying metabolic acidosis
Question 3: Which clinical manifestation is most likely to be seen in a client with Chronic Alcoholism who has Hypomagnesemia (1.0 mEq/L)?
Depressed deep tendon reflexes (DTRs)
Bradycardia and hypotension
Hyperactive reflexes, tremors, and Trousseau's sign
Respiratory depression
Question 4: A client with severe vomiting is at risk for Hypokalemia. The nurse identifies which ECG change as indicative of low serum potassium?
Widened QRS complex
Tall, peaked T-waves
Flattened T-waves and prominent U-waves
ST-segment elevation
Question 5: The nurse is administering oral calcium supplements to a client with Hypocalcemia. The nurse should teach the client to take the supplement with which dietary substance to enhance absorption?
Water
Fiber
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Question 6: A client with Hypercalcemia (12.8 mg/dL) reports flank pain. The nurse understands this symptom is most likely related to:
Pathological fractures
Sedative effect on the central nervous system
Development of renal calculi (kidney stones)
Severe diarrhea
Question 7: Which food choice is appropriate for a client who needs to increase their dietary potassium intake?
Applesauce
Bananas and oranges
White rice
Cheddar cheese
Question 8: A client has a serum phosphorus level of 1.0 mg/dL (Hypophosphatemia). The nurse should prioritize which assessment?
Auscultating bowel sounds for hyperactivity
Assessing muscle strength and respiratory status
Monitoring for Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs
Assessing for peripheral edema
Question 9: The nurse is caring for a client with Hypocalcemia due to parathyroidectomy. When assessing the client, the nurse gently taps the client's cheek, causing the facial muscles to twitch. This is a positive:
Homan's sign
Chvostek's sign
Romberg sign
Kernig's sign
Question 10: A client is receiving IV Magnesium Sulfate for Hypomagnesemia. Which finding requires the nurse to stop the infusion immediately?
Client reports warmth at the insertion site
Blood pressure decreases from 130/80 mmHg to 110/68 mmHg
Deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) become absent
Client reports nausea