AP Psychology Unit 1 Review [Everything You NEED to Know]
7 medium multiple-choice questions covering nature vs. nurture, plasticity, nervous system organization, neuron signaling, action potentials, synapses, reflex arcs, and neurotransmitters — grounded in the provided transcript summary.
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Quiz Questions & Answers
Review every prompt, the correct responses, and helpful context to prep for your own run-through.
Question 1: Which research design from the transcript is best suited to estimate how much a trait is influenced by genes versus the environment?
Twin, adoption, and family studies
Single-case clinical reports
Meta-analyses of experimental manipulations
Cross-sectional surveys of attitudes
Question 2: A patient improves motor skill performance after repeated practice without any change to DNA sequence. According to the transcript, this improvement is best explained by:
Epigenetic mutation changing DNA code
Neural plasticity strengthening synaptic connections
Immediate autonomic nervous system adjustment
Genetic mutation creating better neurotransmitters
Question 3: Which division of the peripheral nervous system would most directly increase heart rate and mobilize energy during a sudden threat, per the transcript summary?
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic branch of the autonomic system
Parasympathetic branch of the autonomic system
Central nervous system
Question 4: Damage to a neuron's myelin sheath, as described in the transcript, most directly impairs which aspect of neural signaling?
Number of dendritic receptors
Rate of neurotransmitter synthesis in the soma
Amount of neurotransmitter released per vesicle
Speed of action potential conduction along the axon
Question 5: Which statement best captures the 'all-or-none' principle and the role of refractory periods discussed in the transcript?
Action potentials vary in size with stimulus strength and can sum during the refractory period
An action potential fires fully if threshold is reached, then a refractory period temporarily prevents immediate re-firing
Refractory periods make neurons more likely to fire repeatedly without input
The all-or-none rule applies only to synaptic neurotransmitter release, not to action potentials
Question 6: A drug blocks reuptake transporters for a neurotransmitter, increasing its time in the synapse. According to the transcript, this manipulation most directly affects which synaptic process?
Action potential threshold in the presynaptic soma
Duration and intensity of post-synaptic receptor activation
The ion permeability of the axon hillock
Myelin production around nearby axons
Question 7: Which simple pathway best describes a reflex arc that withdraws a hand from a hot stove, as outlined in the material?
Autonomic neuron → endocrine gland → muscle
Motor neuron → sensory neuron → brainstem → muscle
Sensory neuron → spinal interneuron → motor neuron causing muscle contraction
Sensory neuron → thalamus → cortex → motor neuron