DSE Revision: Analytical Chemistry
Medium-difficulty multiple-choice quiz focused on acids, separations, oxidation, hydrolysis, contamination control, instrumentation, and quantitative reasoning—based on the provided transcript summary.
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Quiz Questions & Answers
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Question 1: A sample containing a weak acid and its salt is analyzed. Which change will most directly shift the acid–base equilibrium to produce more of the undissociated acid?
Dilute the sample with deionized water
Lower the solution pH by adding a strong acid
Add a nonpolar organic solvent
Increase temperature moderately
Question 2: You need to separate two liquid components with a moderate boiling-point difference. Which technique from the transcript is best suited to maximize purity?
Recrystallization from a solvent
Fractional distillation using an appropriate column
Paper chromatography in air
Simple gravity filtration
Question 3: During combustion analysis of an organic sample, which atmosphere change most reduces formation of oxidized byproducts like CO2?
Add a drying agent to remove moisture
Perform the reaction under an inert atmosphere (e.g., nitrogen)
Lower combustion temperature drastically
Increase the amount of oxygen around the sample
Question 4: A stored sample of an ester shows new acidic peaks on analysis. Which process from the transcript most likely caused this change?
Crystallization of the ester leaving acid impurities
Oxidative polymerization forming larger neutral molecules
Hydrolysis of the ester to form a carboxylic acid
Contamination by acidic glassware rinse
Question 5: Which single practice best prevents trace contamination when preparing samples for sensitive analysis?
Use clean, sterilized glassware or single-use disposable consumables
Rely on a single calibration standard for many months
Store all samples at room temperature in open containers
Always dilute samples extensively before analysis
Question 6: A spectrometer shows a steady positive bias versus standards. According to the transcript, what is the most appropriate immediate action?
Discard the instrument and buy a new one
Run calibration standards and check instrument calibration logs
Increase sample concentration to match the bias
Ignore the offset if replicates are precise
Question 7: You weigh a solid reagent using a balance with 0.1 mg readability and then make a 100.0 mL solution. Which step best reduces propagation of weighing error into final concentration?
Increase solution volume (e.g., prepare 1.000 L) while keeping the same mass
Evaporate half the solvent after preparation
Use a less accurate pipette for transfers
Round the measured mass to fewer significant figures